广州市某区城市和乡村结合部居民健康素养现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of health literacy status on residents from rural-urban fringe zone of Guangzhou city

目的了解广州市某区城市和乡村结合部居民健康素养水平与影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,对2013年广州市某区城市和乡村结合部300名15-69岁常住居民健康素养现状进行入户调查,并对问卷资料进行统计分析。结果 2013年广州市某区城市和乡村结合部居民健康素养的人口比例是8.67%（26/300）。具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为及基本技能的比例分别为18.67%（56/300）、14.67%（44/300）和14.00%（42/300）。健康问题素养水平分别为：科学健康观28.94%、传染病防治素养17.08%、慢性病防治素养11.07%、安全与急救素养46.31%、基本医疗素养6.79%和健康信息素养20.88%。不同年龄居民具有健康基本知识和理念的比例,不同文化程度居民具有健康素养、健康基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论广州市某区城市和乡村结合部居民健康素养水平较低,针对答对率偏低的问题应优先考虑健康教育,开展有针对性的健康素养干预活动。

Objective To understand the urban and rural in a district of Guangzhou city with the health literacy level and influencing factors of the residents and to provide scientific basis for the intervention strategy. Methods Stratified multistage random sampling was used to sample a total of 300 residents aged 15 - 69 years old. The residents were household surveyed on health literacy status. The questionnaire was analyzed statistically. Results The proportion of residents＇health literacy is 8.67% （26/300） . The proportion of residents having basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behavior and basic skills were 18.57% （56/300）, 14. 57% （44/300） and 14. 00% （42/300）, respectively. The proportion of residents having scientific view of health, infectious disease prevention literacy, chronic disease prevention literacy, security and emergency literacy, basic medical and health information literacy were 28.94%, 17.08%, 11.07%, 46.31%, and 20. 88%, and 6. 79%, respectively. The proportion of residents having basic health knowledge and concept ,the proportion of residents having health literacy, health basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behavior were significantly different with different education degree （P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusions The health literacy level is relatively low among residents from rural -urban fringe zone of Guangzhou. Regarding the low response rate, priority should be given to health education, and targeted health literacy intervention activities should be carried out.