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减重手术治疗成人肥胖和代谢性疾病

Bariatric surgery for obesity and metabolic conditions in adults
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摘要 这篇综述总结了减重手术的安全性、疗效、代谢影响等相关方面的最新证据,旨在指导临床决策制定。几项短期随机对照研究证明了减重手术的有效性,包括体重减轻和2型糖尿病初步缓解。观察研究发现减重手术可以使体重、2型糖尿病、生存期、心血管事件、肥胖相关癌症和生活质量获得长期改善。一般情况下,患者的围手术期死亡率较低,但是在不同亚组人群中的差异很大。手术后严重并发症发生率的差异也很大,并且越来越多的证据显示减重手术伴有药物滥用、自杀、营养物质缺乏的风险增加。需要进行更多的研究比较不同手术方式和亚组人群的长期预后,从而确定出哪些患者更可能从手术干预中获益。考虑到减重手术长期风险和收益平衡的不确定性,做出手术决定必须基于高质量的共同参与制定决策过程。
出处 《英国医学杂志中文版》 2015年第9期515-527,共13页 The BMJ Chinese Edition
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