基于mtDNA控制区序列的我国养殖鲑亚科鱼类系统关系

Phylogenetic Relationship of Subfamily Salmoninae Trout in China Based on Control Region Sequence of Mitochondrial DNA

应用PCR技术扩增了中国主要养殖鲑亚科鱼类(5属10种)的线粒体控制区部分序列,并研究这些鱼类的系统发育关系。经序列比对后获得728 bp的片段,其中有184个碱基出现变异。用MEGA 3.0软件计算的平均遗传距离为0.089,种间以太门哲罗鲑与布氏哲罗鲑间的遗传距离最小,为0.006,推测位于黑龙江水系的太门哲罗鲑(Hucho taimen)与分布于四川岷江上游山区河流中的布氏哲罗鲑(H.bleekeri)可能为一种。属间遗传距离以细鳞鱼属和哲罗鱼属最小,为0.042,小于大麻哈鱼属内种间的遗传距离(0.055),推测以哲罗鱼和细鳞鱼为代表的两属间鱼亲缘关系很近。聚类分析显示同属的鱼均能单独聚类,是单系起源。

The mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences of subfamily Salmoninae trout in China （10 species 5 genus） were amplified with PCR technique and sequenced to study phylogenetic relationships. After alignment, the sequence variations and genetic distance were analyzed by using MEGA 3.0 software. There were 728 sites, among which 184 sites were varia- ble. The average genetic distance was 0. 089. The genetic distance between Hucho taimen and H. bleekeri was the smallest, which was 0. 006, suggesting H. Taimen located in the Heilongjiang River and H. bleekeri located in Sichuan mountain rivers may be the same one. Intergeneric genetic distance between Brachymystax and Hucho was the smallest 0. 042, which was less than the genetic distance （0.055） among species of Oncrhynchus, suggesting that there was a relatively close relationship between H. Taimen and Brachymystax lenok. Fish of the same genus could be separately clustered, and they were monopbyletic origin.