外周神经系统中背根神经节的研究进展

The progress of dorsal root ganglion in peripheral nervous system

背根神经节是机体内、外环境与脊髓联结的纽带,也是痛觉传入的第一级神经元,在感觉传递途径中起着重要的作用。外周神经损伤可导致背根神经节神经元减少、神经元之间的连接出现紊乱,造成感觉传导异常,引起神经病理性疼痛;NGF、BDNF、NT-3等因子在与痛觉相关的背根节小型神经元上表达增加。电压门控钠离子通道在疼痛产生的机制中也起到了举足轻重的作用。本文对背根神经节的形态结构特点、体外培养以及与神经病理性疼痛发生的关系予以综述。

Dorsal root ganglion（DRG） is a link connecting the body environment to spinal cord and plays an important role in sensory pathway. Peripheral nerve injury can lead to the decrease of dorsal root ganglion neurons number and the disorder of connection between neurons, resulting in sensory conduction abnormalities and neuropathic pain. NGF, BDNF, NT-3 expression levels increased in the small neurons of dorsal root ganglion following peripheral nerve injury. Furthermore, the voltage-gated sodium channel（VGSC） also played a pivotal role in the mechanism of pain production. This paper reviewed the morphological structure and culture in vitro of DRG, as well as its relationship with neuropathic pain.