辽宁绒山羊母羊产绒性状变化规律的研究

Variation of Cashmere Traits in Liaoning Cashmere Goats

产绒性状是评价绒山羊生产性能的基本指标,产绒性状除了受遗传因素影响之外,年龄、性别、环境等非遗传因素均对其有较大影响。为此,对2007—2013年度的230只1-7周岁辽宁绒山羊母羊产绒性状的相关指标进行了分析与讨论。结果表明：1除绒长度外（P〉0.05）,产绒量、绒细度和抓绒后体重在不同年龄间均差异极显著（P〈0.01）。21周岁母羊的产绒量最低（772.98 g）,6周岁母羊产绒量最高（1 072.20 g）,2-6周岁母羊产绒量呈逐年增长趋势（828.15-1 072.20 g）,7周岁母羊产绒量开始下降（954.33 g）。3绒长度呈波动变化,2周岁时绒长度最短（6.34 cm）,5周岁时绒长度最长（7.90 cm）,6-7周岁时绒长度趋于平稳（7.68 cm和7.69 cm）。41周岁母羊的绒细度最细（14.10μm）,1-4周岁母羊绒细度逐渐增加（14.10-16.93μm）,4周岁时绒细度达到最粗,为16.93μm,5-6周岁时绒细度开始下降（16.01-15.01μm）,到7周岁时则趋于稳定并略有上升（15.44μm）。51周岁时的抓绒后体重最小（27.94 kg）,之后随年龄的增长逐年增加（35.53-57.56 kg）,6周岁时最大,为57.56 kg,7周岁时略有下降（56.86 kg）。由此可见,辽宁绒山羊母羊的产绒性能和绒毛品质在5-6周岁时达最佳阶段,6周岁之后生产性能开始下降。

Cashmere traits is a basic indicator to evaluate the performance of cashmere goat production. In addition to genetic factors,non genetic factors also have great impact on it,such as age,gender,environment.Therefore,the cashmere traits indicators of 230 1-7-year- old Liaoning cashmere goats were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that：1apart from the cashmere length,the cashmere production,the cashmere fineness and the body weight after fleecing at different ages had very significant differences（P0.01）.2the cashmere production during 2-6-year-old increased with the age（828.5-1 072.20 g）,decreased after7-year-old,was the lowest（772.98 g） at 1-year-old,the highest at 6-year-old（1 072.20 g）.3the cashmere length during2-4-year- old increased with the age,was the highest at 5-year-old and then became stable. 4the cashmere fineness during1-4-year-old increased with the age,was the finest at 1-year-old,the coarsest at 4-year-old,decreased during 5-6-year-old and then became stable.5 the body weight after fleecing during 1-6-year-old increased with the age,and then decreased slightly.The results above indicated that the cashmere production performance and the cashmere traits reached the highest at5-6-year-old,and then decreased.