快速城镇化地区热岛景观动态变化研究——以唐山市建成区为例

Spatial and temporal changes of urban thermal landscape pattern in rapid urbanization area——Taking Tangshan urban built- up area as examples

以唐山市建成区1992、1999、2006和2013年4个时相的Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像为主要数据源,在ENVI5.0、Fragstats3.3和Arc GIS10软件支持下,借助景观格局指数,分析了研究区城市热岛景观的动态变化特征。研究结果表明:唐山市建成区的高强度热岛景观斑块面积持续增加,热岛斑块单体面积正在逐年增大,并自1999年起开始出现向高强度热岛过渡的趋势,热岛景观斑块形状日趋复杂,其热岛景观的连通性持续下降;2006年以后,唐山市建成区的热岛景观斑块的破碎化程度加剧,与此同时,其景观斑块出现了蔓延态势,各热岛景观斑块单元间呈分散化;自1999年以来热岛现象持续加剧,出现低等级热岛景观向高等级热岛景观转移的特征,以4和5级热岛景观增幅最大。研究成果揭示了快速城镇化地区热岛景观的动态变化特征,可为该区下阶段缓解热岛效应提供技术层面的指导。

By using Landsat TM / ETM ＋ remote sensing images of 1992,1999,2006 and 2013,on the support of ENVI5. 0,Fragstats3. 3 and Arc GIS10,we analyzed the dynamic changes of urban thermal landscape features by landscape pattern index. The results show that the high strength thermal landscape patch area was increasing in Tangshan built up area,and the monomer patch area was expanding,and it began to appear the trend of transition for higher intensity of heat island since 1999,the urban thermal landscape patch shape was complex,its connectivity continued to decline. The fragmentation degree was intensified for urban thermal landscape patches in Tangshan built up area after 2006; at the same time,the trend appeared to spread,and diversified. Heat island phenomenon continued to enhance since 1999,appeared transfer characteristics from low level to high level,4 and 5 level increased the most. Research results revealed the dynamic variation characteristics for urban thermal landscape in rapid urbanization area; it can provide technical guidance to alleviate heat island effect in next stage in the region.