邢台地区中小学生视力低下现状及影响因素分析

Investigation of status and factors associated with poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Xingtai area

目的调查邢台地区中小学生视力低下及其相关的影响因素,为预防与控制提供依据。方法对邢台地区10 822名中小学生进行裸眼视力检查和问卷调查。对相关的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析,率的比较应用χ2检验。结果邢台地区中小学生视力低下率为50.15%(5 427/10 822)。女生视力低下率为55.13%(2 882/5 228)高于男生的45.50%(2 545/5 594),差异有统计学意义(χ2=77.84,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.09)、年级段(OR=1.76)、有家族史(OR=2.01)、课间运动少(OR=1.50)、读写姿势不良(OR=1.65)、连续学习时间≥2 h/d(OR=2.18)、连续荧屏接触时间≥2 h/d(OR=2.31)、不注意用眼防护(OR=2.59)均是视力低下发生的危险因素。结论中小学生视力低下的发生受多种因素影响,其中,用眼习惯不良以及不注意用眼防护是独立的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the status and factors associated with poor eyesight among primary and secondaryschool students in Xingtai area in order to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The nakedeyesight of 10 822 students in Xingtai area was tested and surveyed with questionnaire and the related factors were analyzedusing logistic regression analysis and Chi square test was used for rate comparison. Results The poor eyesight rate ofprimary and secondary school students in Xingtai was 50.15%（5 427/10 822）. The poor eyesight rate of girls was 55.13%（2882/5 228） which was higher than 45.50%（2 545/5 594） for boys, the difference was statistically significant（χ2= 77.84, P 〈0.01）.Multi- factors logistic regression analysis showed that gender（OR=1.09）, grade（OR=1.76）, family history（OR=2.01）, lessbreak-time exercises（OR=1.50）, poor reading and writing posture（OR=1.65）, continuous learning time more than or equal to 2hours per day（OR=2.18）, continuous screen contact time more than or equal to 2 hours per day（OR=2.31） and paying noattention to eye protection（OR=2.59） were all the risk factors for poor eyesight. Conclusion The occurrence of poor eyesightamong primary and secondary school students is influenced by many factors, and the independent risk factors of poor eyesightare the bad habits in using eyes and paying no attention to eye protection.