琼海市2004—2014年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristic of mumps in Qionghai city in 2004—2014

目的分析琼海市2004—2014年流行性腮腺炎（腮腺炎）的流行病学特征,为琼海市预防和控制流行性腮腺炎提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对琼海市疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的2004—2014年腮腺炎报告进行描述流行病学分析。结果琼海市2004—2014年腮腺炎报告发病率最高是2010年为164.93/10万,最低是2008年为7.52/10万,其它年份发病率在8.58/10万-69.75/10万之间;不同地区年均发病率城区最高60.63/10万,农场次之56.58/10万,农村最低35.52/10万;4—7月和12月—次年1月为发病高峰;男：女=1.96：1;学生占55%、托幼儿童占22%、散居儿童占11%。结论琼海市流行性腮腺炎报告病例主要集中在15岁以下儿童,提示应强化儿童腮腺炎减毒活疫苗或含腮腺炎减毒活疫苗组份的联合疫苗免疫接种,特别应扎实抓好在校在园学生的免疫接种。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Qionghai city in 2004—2014 and toprovide reference for mumps prevention and control. Methods The descriptive epidemiological methods were used toanalyze the reported mumps cases from disease surveillance information report system in Qionghai City from 2004 to 2014.Results In 2004—2014, the highest incidence of mumps was reported in 2010（164.93/100 000） and the lowest was in 2008（7.52/100 000）, and the annual incidence rates of mumps were between 8.58/100 000- 69.75/100 000 in other years. Theaverage annual incidence rates in urban area was the highest（60.63/100 000）, followed by the farm（ 56.58 / 100 000） and thatin the the rural area was the lowest（ 35.52/100 000）. Peak incidence of mumps obviously were from April to July and fromDecember to next January. The ratio of male to female the cases was 1.96. Most of mumps cases were students accouted for55%, followed by infants in kindergarten（22%） and scattered children（11%）. Conclusion In Qionghai City, the infection ofmumps was mainly concentrated in children under 15 years which suggested that vaccination of children with attenuatedmumps live vaccine and combined vaccine containing inactivated vaccine be strengthened, especially in primary schools andkindergartens.