卜凯关于中国农业教育问题探讨

Study on John Lossing Buck and China's Agricultural Education

卜凯(John Lossing Buck),美国农业经济学家。他本为农业传教而来,在安徽南宿州帮助农民改良作物品种、传授农业技术的过程中,提出了传教士关注农业教育、中小学引入农业教育的可行性计划等建议,但未受到教会重视;他通过大量的农村社会调查,实地了解了中国农村教育现状和存在的问题,提出了普设乡村学校,实施强迫教育、加强农民品性习惯教育等建议;他借助金陵大学农业经济系这个平台,在培养目标、课程设置、培养模式诸方面,积极探索,培养了一大批高级农业专门人才。他带领学生搜集的资料以及办学经验不仅奠定了他在中国近代农业教育中的地位,也促进了整个中国现代农业教育体系的建设。

John Lossing Buck,an American agricultural economists,came to China for agricultural mission.He put forward some advice and proposals that missionary should pay attention to agriculture and agricultural education should be introduced to primary and secondary schools when he helped farmers improve crop varieties and taught agricultural technology in south Suzhou in Anhui Province.But his advice wasn＇t appreciated by church.He knew status quo and existing problems of education in China＇s countryside through rural social investigation.He thought rural schools should be established widely,compulsory education and character education should also be enforced on people and so on.With the aid of the Department of Agricultural Economics of University of Nanking,he actively explored cultivating objectives,curriculum,and training mode to cultivate a large number of senior specialized agricultural personnel.The data collected by him and his students,with experience in education,not only established his position in the modern agricultural education but also promoted the construction of the entire education system of China＇s modern agriculture.