摘要
一百多年来,关于汉语动词的限定性仍然没有较广泛的共识。对有关汉语发展进程中的形态变化的研究粗略梳理表明,以屈折变化为主要依据来判定汉语动词的限定性并不合适。借助沃尔夫的隐性范畴思想以及系统功能语言学的渐变群思想,根据"是否有主语、动词作谓语、动词随人称和数而变化"三项参数,可以区分出介于典型非限定小句和典型限定小句之间的六种情形。汉语的包孕句、连动式、兼语式等语法现象都可以在这些情形中得到阐释。总体来看,汉语中普遍存在假拟非限定小句。
No general consensus has been arrived in finiteness of verbs in Chinese since late 1890 s.A sketchy review of the morphological changes during the development of Chinese shows that it is improper to treat the finiteness of verbs majorly on the basis of inflections.With the insights from Whorf's cryptotype and Halliday's cline,we can differentiate six types between typical non-finite clause and typical finite clause according to three parameters as follows:the appearance of subject,the verb as the main predicate,and the verb agrees with persons and numbers.It is found in the present research that the so-called pregnant clauses,the serial verb construction and the jianyu construction(similar to SVOC construction in English)can all be expounded within the types we proposed in a consistent way.In general,pseudo-non-finite clauses are prevalent in modern Chinese.
出处
《当代外语研究》
2015年第8期6-10,77,共5页
Contemporary Foreign Language Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目"基于语料库的英汉非限定小句的功能类型研究"(编号15BYY016)资助
