居家养老服务供给模式比较分析及优化策略——以山东省为例

A Comparative Analysis of Home Care Service Supply Modes and Optimized Strategies——A Case Study of Shandong Province

随着老龄化的日益加剧,养老服务需求不断增长。在养老服务供给主体由家庭向社会转移的过程中,居家养老服务应运而生。文章基于山东省五个地市的调研资料,归纳出目前存在的三种主要居家养老服务供给模式:基层群众自治组织供给模式、"政府-社会组织"合作供给模式和社区居家养老机构供给模式。进而,运用比较分析的方法,从服务供给主体、服务人员、服务内容、经费来源和运行效果五个维度对三种模式进行比较,剖析各自优势及存在的问题,从明确职能、提高专业素养、整合资源、拓宽筹资渠道等方面,提出了促进多种居家养老服务供给模式可持续发展的优化策略。

With the growth of aging population, pension service demands are on the increase, and home care service comes into being while the pension service providers are shifted from family to society. Based on the investi- gation and research data from five districts and cities in Shandong province, three current modes for home care serv- ice supply are sorted out, i. e. , basic mass autonomous organization supply mode, government - social organization cooperation supply mode, and community home care organization supply mode. A comparative study is then conduc- ted of these three modes from the five dimensions of service provider, service personnel, service contents, funds source and operation effect by analyzing their respective advantages and defects before optimized strategies for promo- ting the sustainable development of home care service supply modes are proposed from the perspective of clarifying functions, improving professional quality, integrating resources and broadening funding channels.