青南高原近20年土地利用/覆被动态变化研究

Dynamics of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Southern Qinghai Plateau in Recent 20 Years

文章以青藏高原腹地的青南高原作为研究区,基于1990年、2000年和2010年3期研究区的LUCC数据,研究其土地利用/覆被变化过程。结果表明:研究区土地利用/覆被类型多样,其中,草地所占比例最大,未利用地次之;草地中低覆盖度草地所占比重高,高覆盖度草地较少。2个研究时段内,耕地、建设用地面积和未利用地面积有所增加,而水域和林地变化复杂,草地近20年趋于减少。草地、未利用地和水域的转化关系密切。变化趋势,1990-2000年耕地、建设用地和未利用地朝着规模扩大的方向发展,而草地和水域朝着规模减小的方向发展;转入贡献率中占优势的是未利用地、草地;转出贡献率占优势的主要是草地、未利用地和水域。2000-2010年水域、耕地、建设用地和未利用地朝着规模扩大的方向发展,而林地和草地朝着规模减小的方向发展;从转入贡献率来看,占优势的是未利用地、水域和草地;转出贡献率占优势的主要是草地和未利用地。

As a research area of the hinterland of Southern Qinghai Plateau, based on 1990, 2000 and 2010 period data of LUCC study, the land use/cover change process was studied, Results show that the land use/cover types in research area are varied, with grassland as the largest proportion and followed by unused land. In the grassland, low coverage grassland is the highest proportion, while high coverage grassland is less. Within the study period, arable land, construction land and unused land are increasing, the changing of waters and woodlands are complex, and grassland tends to reduce in the nearly 20 years. There is a close transformation among grassland, unused land and waters, with arable land, construction land and unused land changing toward the direction of spreading, while the grassland and waters reducing in 1990-2000, unused land and grassland as the dominant changing-in of the contribution rate, while grassland, unused land and waters as the changing-out of the contribution rate. The waters, arable land, construction land and unused land are changing toward the direction of spreading, while woodland and grassland turned to a reduced scale in 2000-2010, with unused land, waters and grassland as the dominant changing- in of the contribution rate while grassland and unused land as ＇the dominant changing- out of the contribution rate.