美国高校宿舍教育对我国书院制建设的启示

The Enlightenment of the Dormitory Education in America on the Academy System Construction in China

从20世纪60年代开始,随着高校宿舍教育专业化的发展,美国高校宿舍教育从传承英国的住宿学院模式转变为以"服务和指导"为核心的宿舍教育模式。自2005年,我国高校在管理体制与机制上反思人才培养问题,基于学生生活社区探索书院制建设。应借鉴美国宿舍教育的经验,在"以学生为中心"育人理念的指导下,建设外紧内松的管理制度,运用学生自治的管理方式,推进学生住宿方式的多样化,实现我国书院制建设的专业化发展。

Since the 1 960s,with the development of the professional education function,the form of dormitory education in the United States has changed the residential colleges model inheriting from the UK to the pattern which take “service and guidance”as the core.In 2005,the inland universities in China began to reflect the personnel training problem on the management system and mechanism.And based on the student community,the inland universities in China began to explore the construction of the academy system.In the process of construction,the colleges and universities in China should draw lessons from the American dormitory education.Under the guidance of the “student centered ”educational idea,they should construct the “tight in loose”management system,by means of “student autonomous”management mode and promote the diversification of student accommodation,at last, realize the specialization development of the academy system.