表达城市导航信息的四参数复合式触觉图标效能评估（英文）

Evaluating effectiveness of four-parameter compound tactons for conveying urban navigation information

为了帮助行人在陌生的城市中寻路和降低行走时的认知负担,利用温度的变化方向、振动的刺激方向、强度变化以及身体位置4个触觉刺激参数构造了复合式的触觉图标,分别映射为4种不同的导航信息:路线属性、路口类型、距离和行进方向.开展了一组心理物理学实验,利用模糊矩阵研究参与者对触觉图标的识别正确率和信息传输能力,并使用非参数检验分析了4个触觉参数对正确响应数量的影响.实验结果表明:使用不同触觉参数构造出的复合式触觉图标,平均识别正确率可达到88.72%;根据计算出的信息传输值,在所有的32个触觉图标中共有19.64个图标能够被可靠地辨识;温度变化可作为振动触觉图标的一种有效补充.在以后的虚拟或真实城市环境中导航中,复合式触觉图标将是一种有潜力的传递这类复杂信息的方法.

To guide pedestrians to navigate in a strange city and reduce the cognitive overload suffered when walking, thermal change direction, vibration stimulation direction, intensity variation and body location are employed to construct four-parameter compound tactons.They are mapped to four different types of navigation message： route attribute, intersection type, distance and heading direction. One psychological experiment was conducted. The derived confusion matrices were used to investigate recognition rates and information transfer for compound tactons,and non-parameter tests were employed to analyze the effect of each parameter on the number of correct responses.Experimental results show that the overall identification rate for four-parameter tactons is 88.72% by using different tactile parameters,and 19.64 icons can be identified reliably in all 32 tactile icons according to the information transfer value. Thermal changes can be an effective supplement to vibrotactile icons. This suggests that compound tactons will be a promising method of conveying complex information when navigating in a virtual or real urban environment.