摘要
This paper establishes a model for the production cost of iron and steel enterprise.The variation rule of the production cost versus the iron/steel ratio for two cases, namely,fixed steel production and a fixed amount of molten iron,is analyzed,and the concept of a steel scrap threshold price is proposed.According to the analysis results,when the steel scrap unit price exceeds the steel scrap threshold price, an increase in the iron/steel ratio can reduce the production cost,and vice versa.When the gap between the steel scrap unit price and the steel scrap threshold price is relatively large, the impact of the iron/steel ratio on the production cost is more prominent.According to the calculation example,when steel production is fixed （284 358 t/month）and the steel scrap unit price is 263.2 yuan/t more than the steel scrap threshold price,an increase of 0.01 in the iron/steel ratio causes a monthly production cost reduction of approximately 750 000 yuan （2.63 yuan/t）.When the amount of molten iron is fixed （270 425 t/month）and the steel scrap unit price is 140.7 yuan/t more than the threshold price,an increase of 0.01 in the iron/steel ratio causes a monthly production cost reduction of approximately 430 000 yuan （1.5 yuan/t）.The results indicate that iron and steel enterprise should adjust the production strategy in time when the scrap price fluctuates, and then the production cost will be reduced.
建立了钢铁企业生产成本模型,分别讨论了钢产量不变和铁水量不变的2种情况下,生产成本随铁钢比的变化规律,并提出废钢临界价格概念.分析表明,当废钢单价高于废钢临界价格时,增加铁钢比可以降低生产成本,否则相反.废钢单价与废钢临界价格相差较大时,铁钢比对生产成本的影响更显著.实例计算表明,当钢产量不变(284 358 t/月),废钢单价高于废钢临界价格263.2元/t时,铁钢比增加0.01,每月可降低生产成本75万元左右(2.63元/t);当铁水量不变(270 425t/月),废钢单价高于临界价格140.7元/t时,铁钢比增加0.01,每月可降低生产成本43万元左右(1.5元/t).结果表明,钢铁企业应根据废钢单价的波动情况及时调整生产策略,以降低生产成本.
基金
The National Key Technology R&D Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2012BAF10B05)
