宗教与民主:阿卜杜卡里姆·索罗什人权思想浅析

An Analysis on the Human Right Thoughts of Abdolkarim Soroush

阿卜杜卡里姆·索罗什是当代伊朗著名的宗教改革思想家。在其倡导的宗教民主思想中,人权是一个核心词汇。他认为伊斯兰人权理论的构建,并非教法内一种封闭式的论证,而是要考虑到宗教内与宗教外两个领域,真主权利与人的权利分属于不同的维度。在保护人权中,宗教宽容是实现不同信仰者权利保护的最好方式,政府在处理宗教问题时应该保持中立。在具体的人权实践中,索罗什提出了"宗教民主政府理论"与"宗教知识收缩扩张理论",这些对于宗教信仰自由、宗教解释的多元性,以及伊朗民主化进程都带来重要影响。

Abdolkarim Soroush is a renowned modem Iranian thinker on the reformation. The human right is the key words in his religious democracy thoughts. He believed that the construction of Islamic human rights is never an isolated discussion within Shari＇ ah, but a work which is always connected with two fields both outside and inside of the religion. The rights of the Allah and Mankind belong to two different dimensions. In the protection of human rights, religious tolerance is the best way to protect different believers＇ rights; the government should be neutral in dealing with religious issues. In the concrete practice of human rights, Soroush had proposed ＂religious democratic government＂ and ＂religious knowledge contract and expansion theory＂, which have important influence to Iran＇ s religious freedom, diversity of religious interpretation and democratization.