广州“5·6”火车站恐怖暴力袭击事件应急医学救援分析

Emergency response analysis of Guangzhou “5·6 ” railway station terrorist violent attack

目的通过对2014年5月6日广州"5·6"火车站恐怖暴力袭击案伤员的院前、急诊科和专科救治全过程的分析,以改进应急医学救援体系应对恐怖袭击事件的救治能力。方法广州"5·6"恐怖事件导致7例患者创伤,其中5例刀伤,1例左膝关节跌伤,1例胸部枪伤。事件发生后,在120急救指挥中心调度下,广州军区广州总医院、广州中医药大学第一附属医院、广东省第二中医院、广州市荔湾区第二人民医院迅速启动急救预案,对7例伤员进行了快速地现场急救,安全转运。结果参加现场救治医院接到急救指令后反应迅速,10 min内到达现场,救治医院急诊科处理均在30 min内结束,5例刀伤患者30 min内专科治疗介入,并迅速送入手术室进行手术治疗。5例刀伤患者在术后2周内痊愈出院,1例膝关节伤患者和1例枪伤患者在术后3周痊愈出院,所有救治伤员未有任何伤后并发症。结论完整的应急救援体系是应对恐怖暴力袭击事件最有效的机制,创伤后的院前、院内急诊科和专科无缝连接救治是提高创伤患者的生存率、减少伤残率的最佳路径。

Objective To improve hospital emergency rescue system＇s ability to respond to terrorist attacks through the whole process analysis of injurers treatment among pre-hospital, emergency department and hospital specialist after Guangzhou ＂5 ~ 6＂ railway station terrorist violent attack. Methods After the emergency, first-aid system and the hospital quickly launched the emergency plan, field first-aid and injury classification. Emergency and specialist combined treatment in critical patients achieved the seamless connection of field, specialist and emergency department. General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Liwan No. 2 People＇s Hospital of Guangzhou started whole process rescue at emergency scene as hospital first aid, pre-hospital transportation and specialist treatment for 7 injurers. Results Four hospitals＇ pre-hospital emergency rescue teams arrived within 10 minutes. Emergency department completed emergency treatment within 30 minutes, 3 patients received sinmhaneously specialist treatments and all 7 injurers were rescued successfully. Conclusions A comprehensive and completed emergency rescue system is the most effective response to the terrorist attacks, and the pre-hospital, hospital and specialist seamlessly connected rescue can improve the injury patients＇ survival rates.