论中医肝的实质与功能

On Parenchyma and Function of Liver in TCM

中医把肝脏的物质代谢作用归之于脾,把神经调节作用赋予肝,即肝主疏泄,主要表现为肝调节脏腑和肝调节运动。肝调节脏腑分气、血、阴、阳、水、火六方面,分别是调畅气机、调节血液、调节先后天阴阳、调节水液代谢和调节君相之火。如果肝失调节,肝主疏泄异常,实者会出现肝气、肝火、肝阳、肝风等证,虚者表现为肝的气、血、阴、阳诸虚,可采用清·王泰林《西溪书屋夜话录》提出的治肝三十法治疗。

In traditional Chinese medicine, the material metabolism of liver is attributed to the spleen and nerve regulation to the liver itself, because of the function of liver governing conveyance and dispersion, mainly manifesting in regulating viscera and motions. The liver＇ s regulating in viscera, divided into six aspects, namely qi, blood, yin, yang, water and fire, respectively manifests in adjusting activities of ql, regulating blood circulation, balancing yin and yang, accommodating body＇ s water metabolism as well as harmonizing the fire of jun （heart） and xiang （mingmen, liver and gallbladder, sanjiao）. The disorders of liver in regulating and dispersing, if the liver is sufficiency, may lead to liver qi, liver fire, liver yang, liver wind and so on; if the liver is insufficiency, they may lead to deficiency of liver qi, blood, yin and yang and so on. The 30 measures of liver, recorded in Record of Night Conversation in Xixi Bookstore written by Wang Tailin of Qing Dynasty, can be adopted to treat the liver disorders.