论基础研究与应用研究之区分在专利法上的表达

On the Expression of the Distinction between Basic Research and Applied Research in Patent Law

基础研究和应用研究具有不同的性质。基础研究宜由政府推动,而应用研究则应由企业承担。专利作为科技进步手段的一种,更适合于应用研究而非基础研究。专利法上实用性要件的内在规定性、标准高低的可变性以及因产业而多元化的特点,使该制度能充分有效地保障和促进应用研究的发展,同时把基础研究排除在可专利性范围之外。专利实用性要件是执行专利法区分基础研究和应用研究这一价值目标的合适工具。

Both basic research and applied research have different properties. Basic research should be promoted by the government, while applied research should be engaged by the enterprise. As a scientific and technological progress means, the patent is more suitable for applied research rather than basic research. Internal regulation, vari- ability of standard level as well as industrial diversified characteristics of practicability element can fully and effec- tively protect and promote the development of applied research. At the same time, the basic research will be ex- cluded in the scope of patent. The practicability element is the proper tool to perform the value goal of patent law which can be used to distinguish basic research and applied research.