乌鲁木齐市天山区居住分异测度及变化分析——基于1982-2010年人口普查数据

The residential segregation in the evolution of Multi-ethnic district—A case of Tianshan district in Urumqi

乌鲁木齐天山区作为典型的多民族集聚区,研究其居住分异规律有助于优化城市居住空间,指导各民族融合聚居。基于人口普查资料结合实地调查,运用局部分异指数对维-汉、回-汉、哈-汉居住分异进行测度。分析发现,汉族与维、回、哈族之间存在分异现象,北部汉族人口集聚区居住分异指数大于南部少数民族集聚区,但居住分异演变呈现北部趋缓,南部加剧的规律。通过相关分析发现,汉族人口在某一街区人口比重越大,民-汉居住分异度越大,民族人口在某一街区比重越大,民-汉居住分异度越小。房地产租赁和商务服务业与民-汉居住分异度变化呈现显著关系。

Urumqi Tianshan District is a typical multi- ethnic gathering area. It is helpful for optimizing urban living space and guiding the integration to study the rule of all ethnic groups to inhabit. Based on census data and field surveys,by using of partial index we measured the residential segregation of Uighur- Han,Hui- Han,and Kazakh- Han. It was found that residential segregations of Uighur- Han,Hui- Han,and Kazakh-Han were existed. There was greater differentiation in gathering area of north for the Han population than that in gathering area of southern for minorities,but showing the evolution trend that the residential segregation in northern area was slowed,in southern area was intensified. We found by correlation analysis that the greater the Han population proportion was in a particular neighborhood,the greater the degree of Han living differentiation was;the greater the ethnic population proportion was in a particular neighborhood,the smaller the Han residential differentiation degrees was. It was showed the significant correlations between housing leasing and business services and the residential segregation of Han- minorities.