先天性腭裂儿童中枢性听觉处理能力的行为测听研究

Central auditory processing abilities in children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate

目的研究先天性腭裂儿童的中枢性听觉处理能力是否存在障碍。方法对34例先天性腭裂儿童进行中枢听觉处理能力测验并与对照组30名正常儿童比较,测验采用噪音下语言感知测试(hearing in noise test,HINT)、音调花样序列测试(pitch pattern sequence test,PPST)以及双耳数字分听测试(dichotic digits test,DDT),观察各项测验结果差异是否具有统计学意义。结果 HINT测试(安静条件)腭裂组与对照组结果分别为(10.48±2.12)分贝及(9.82±2.27)分贝,两组间差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.93,P=0.360);而噪音条件下的HINT测试结果为腭裂组(-5.61±1.80)分贝,对照组(-9.01±1.49)分贝,腭裂组弱于对照组(Z=-5.31,P=0.005);PPST测试结果为腭裂组(94.23±2.81)分(左耳)、(93.13±3.42)分(右耳),对照组(97.65±2.88)分(左耳)、(96.97±3.45)分(右耳),腭裂组得分均低于对照组(左耳Z=-2.18,P=0.019;右耳Z=-4.41,P=0.026);DDT测试结果为腭裂组(90.54±2.22)分,对照组(96.89±2.04)分,腭裂组得分较低(Z=-3.63,P=0.011)。结论先天性腭裂儿童在噪音下的听觉感知能力降低,对高低频音调分辨能力不足,对复杂声音信息的整合能力较差,可能存在中枢性听觉障碍。

Objective To observe the central auditory processing ability in children with nonsyndrominc cleft lip and/or palate （ NSCLP ） . Methods Central auditory tests including hearing in noise test （ HINT ） , dichotic digits test （ DDT） , pitch pattern sequence test （ PPST） were conducted in 34 children with NSCLP. The results were analyzed and compared to the normal control group. Results The results of HINT （ quiet condition） in NSCLP and normal group were 10. 48 ± 2. 12 and 9. 82 ± 2. 27 respectively, no significant group difference was found （ Z= -0. 93, P=0. 360） . How-ever, there were statistical group differences between groups in other central auditory tests. The test results were HINT （ noise condition）： NSCLP= -5. 61 ± 1. 80, normal group= -9. 01 ± 1. 49 （ Z= -5. 31, P=0. 005）; the PPST （ left ear）： NSCLP =94. 23 ± 2. 81, normal group=97. 65 ± 2. 88 （ Z= -2. 18, P=0. 019） , PPST （ right ear）： NSCLP=93. 13 ± 3. 42, normal group=96. 97 ± 3. 45 （ Z= -4. 41, P=0. 026）; DDT： NSCLP=90. 54 ± 2. 2, normal group=96. 89 ± 2. 04 （ Z= -3. 63, P =0. 011） . The scores of central auditory tests were found to be significantly lower in NSCLP group comparing with the normal controls. Conclusion Children with NSCLP could have difficulties in hearing perception in noisy background and their ability for high and low frequency identification could be impaired. The findings of current study indicated that the children with NSCLP could be at risk of central auditory processing disorders.