中国地层学研究近期面临的主要问题

Some Problems in Recent Stratigraphic Researches of China

地层中包含了地球演化过程的许多重要信息,它是建立全球地质年代系统的重要基础。统一年代地层系统的建立有利于促进基础地质工作、矿产资源勘查、地质环境评价和地质灾害预测与防治等各项事业的发展,因此一直受到广大地质工作者的高度重视。目前在《国际地层表》已建的110个阶中,已有65个全球界线层型剖面和点位(简称GSSP)被国际地层委员会和国际地质科学联合会批准确认,其中有10个GSSP被确立在中国,我国是拥有GSSP最多的国家。在中国区域年代地层表的102个阶中,也有59个阶得到了较深入的研究,并建立了部分地层单位的划分对比标准。虽然我国的地层学研究取得了许多重要成果,但是在中国区域地层标准的建立与完善以及区域地层单位与GSSP的对比、变形和变质较强烈地区地层学研究方法的确定、广泛分布的中新生代陆相地层划分对比、中国典型地层剖面保护和规范化研究等方面还存在诸多尚未解决的重要问题,急待深入研究。

There exists abundant important information about the process of earth evolution in the stratigraphy. The system of Global Geologic Time Scale is established based on the stratigraphic research. The establishment of unified Geologic Time Scale can bring about an advance in basic geological research, mineral resources prospecting, geological environment assessment, and geological hazard forecast, prevention and control. Therefore, great importance has been attached to this problem by geologists of various research fields. There are 110 stages in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Among them, Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） of 65 stages are confirmed by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and International Union of Geological Sciences. Ten GSSPs are selected and established in China, making China a country possessing the most GSSPs in the world. There are 102 stages in the Regional Chronostratigraphic Chart of China, in which 59 stages of sections have been given a thorough investigation and study. In addition, some standards of stratigraphic division and correlation of China have been established. Although numerous important achievements have been made in Chinese stratigraphy, there still exist some critical stratigraphic problems which urgently need further thorough investigation, such as establishment and perfection of the regional stratigraphic standards, correlation between regional stratigraphic units of China and the GSSP, establishment of the research methods for stratigraphy of the intensively deformed or intensely metamorphic regions, Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental stratigraphic division and correlation, and protection and standardization of the typical stratigraphic sections of China.