蓬莱酿酒葡萄产区土壤肥力特征及适宜性评价

Assessment on soil fertility characteristics and suitability of viticulture in Penglai

通过全面多点采样分析研究了蓬莱全市23个主要酿酒葡萄基地的土壤理化性质及其空间变异特征。从土壤营养化学指标和质地方面分析评价该基地的土壤质量。依据相关土壤标准,应用加权求和模型和专家打分法,建立了蓬莱产区酿酒葡萄土壤综合分级标准。结果表明,蓬莱产区土壤p H为稍偏酸水平,总体上G206以北为适宜水平,中、南部为稍偏酸水平;土壤有机质为中等偏低水平,但北部稍高于中、南部;总体上三个区域碱解氮、有效磷、交换性镁含量为较高适宜水平,速效钾为中等水平;交换性钙含量北、中部为较高适宜水平,南部稍低;各指标均呈由北往南递减趋势,上、下土层各指标含量差异不大。该产区整体地力水平以二、三等级为主,对酿酒葡萄的生长适宜程度达到中高水平,但是各个小产区之间地力水平及土壤性质各异。G206以北平均地力水平为二级,G206与S302之间、S302以南区域平均地力等级为三级。总体上该地地力水平呈现北高南低的趋势,且北部地力水平变异程度(3.65)小于中部(5.21)和南部(4.10)。

Field samples from 23 vineyards were collected to analyze soil physical and chemical properties and its spatial variation at Penglai. Soil quality was evaluated from the aspects of soil nutrition chemical properties and texture, according to the relevant soil standard, apply to the weighted sum model and expert scoring method, established the wine-grape comprehensive classification standard of soil of Penglai region. The results showed that soil pH was slightly low in Penglai region, north of G206 was suitable, the middle and south were acid slightly; Soil organic matter was medium-low level, but the north was higher slightly than the middle and south; the content of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, effective phosphorus, exchangeable magnesium were higher, rapidly-available potassium was medium, exchangeable calcium was higher suitable level in the north and middle, but the south is little low; A decline trend indicated from north to south, there were a lttle difference on upper and lower layers. Soil fertility level was given priority to with second and third grade in Penglai area, reached at medium-high suitable levels for wine-grape planting, but among every small area were different in soil characteristics and soil fertility levels. Average soil fertility level was second grade in north of G206, The area of south of S302 and between G206 and S302 belonged in third grade. Overall soil fertility level presented the tendency of higher in the north than the south, soil fertility variation degree （3.65） in north is less than in central （5.21） and south （4.10）.