甘肃省甘南地区藏族群众高血压病患病状况及危险因素分析

The prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among Tibetan in Gannan of Gansu province

目的对甘肃省甘南州夏河县藏族群众高血压患病情况及相关危险因素进行调查研究,为预防治疗工作提供指导。方法 2012年8月至2013年8月以随机分层的方法抽取甘肃省夏河县城区、半农半牧区和纯牧区成年藏族居民1 069人,进行健康检查和问卷调查,主要内容包括年龄、性别、吸烟饮酒史、职业、文化程度和劳动强度,以及身高、体重和血压值,利用SPSS 17.0软件进行数据处理。结果共检出高血压364例,检出率为34.05%,其中男性显著高于女性(P<0.01),随着年龄的增长检出率增高。年龄标化后的城区居民高血压标准检出率为30.40%,半农半牧区标准检出率为43.87%,纯牧区标准检出率为49.95%,三个居住区居民高血压病检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.123,P<0.01)。单因素logistic回归分析结果显示高血压检出率在年龄、性别、体质指数、居住地区、职业、劳动强度、文化程度等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),多因素logistic回归分析结果显示性别、年龄、体质指数为危险因素,劳动强度和文化程度为保护性因素。结论甘南州藏族居民高血压检出率较高,要加强对高血压的健康宣教,对重点人群进行生活方式合理干预,提高自我防病意识。

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among Tibetan in Gannan of Gansu. Methods From August 2012 to August 2013,1 069 adult Tibetan were selected randomly from urban area,farming and pastoral areas and pure pastoral areas in Xiahe by stratified sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted and health examinations were performed.Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis with SPSS 17.0were used for data analysis. Results The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 34.05%,which was significantly higher in men than in women（P〈0.01）and increased along with age.The prevalence of hypertension in urban areas,farming and pastoral areas and pure pastoral regions were 30.40%,43.87%,and 49.95%,respectively,after age adjustment,the differences were significant（χ^2=26.123,P〈0.01）.Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of hypertension was closely related to age,gender,BMI,occupation,residence,education and physical labor intensity（P〈0.01）.Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,BMI were risk factors,while,education and physical labor intensity were protective factors of hypertension. Conclusions Hypertension is found to be highly prevalent in Gannan,and influenced by many factors.Health education about hypertension should be enhanced,and lifestyle intervention should be adopted among Tibetan with high-risk of hypertension.