膳食中高n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值对小鼠肠道菌群的影响

High Ratio of Dietary n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affects Gut Microbiota in Mice

目的:探讨小鼠膳食中高n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值对肠道菌群的影响。方法:随机选取健康的30只C57/B6小鼠分为对照组(基础饲料)、花生四烯酸组(基础饲料+10%花生四烯酸)、鱼油组(基础饲料+10%鱼油)。喂食16周,16周后提取小鼠肠道菌群宏基因组DNA,采用Roche 454测序技术对肠道菌群16Sr RNA基因V3-V5区域进行测序,对菌群的组成结构以及含量的变化进行分析。结果:花生四烯酸组小鼠体内厚壁菌门的含量达到(55.3±5.26)%,与对照组小鼠体内厚壁菌门的含量(30.23±8.75)%相比显著性升高(P<0.05)。并且花生四烯酸组小鼠体内变形菌门的含量(3±0.762)%与对照组(1.5±0.265)%相比也显著性上升(P<0.05)。结论:膳食中高n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值会造成小鼠体内肠道菌群组成结构的失衡,导致厚壁菌门以及变形菌门的含量上升。

Objective： To observe the effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFAs） on gut microbiota in mice.Methods： Thirty healthy C57/B6 male mice were randomized and divided into the control group（regular control diet）, arachidonic acid group（control diet ＋10% arachidonic acid）, and fish oil group（control diet ＋10% fish oil）. After 16 weeks of feeding, fecal bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and PCR amplified based on the V3-V5 region of bacterial 16 S r RNA gene for sequencing. Using such information, the change of gut microbiota was evaluated. Results： The content of firmicutes in arachidonic acid group was（55.3±5.26）%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group（30.23±8.75）%（P〈0.05）. In addition, the content of Proteobacteria in the control group（1.5±0.265）% was lower than that in the arachidonic acid group（3±0.762）%（P〈0.05）. Conclusions： High ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 PUFAs causes the imbalance of gut mcriobiota in mice, particularly in firmicutes and proteobacteria.