K-ras基因突变及表达与胰腺癌的关系

Correlation of the Mutations and Expression of K-ras Gene with Pancreatic Cancer

目的:探讨K-ras基因突变及蛋白表达对胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法:采用突变等位基因特异性扩增(PCR-MASA)检测31例胰腺癌和22例非胰腺癌石蜡包埋组织中K-ras基因12密码子点突变情况,并通过免疫组化法检测其K-ras蛋白的表达。结果:胰腺癌患者K-ras基因12密码子点突变率为80.6%(25/31),K-ras蛋白表达阳性率为87.1%(27/31);而非胰腺癌患者K-ras基因12密码子点突变率为27.3%(6/22),K-ras蛋白表达阳性率31.8%(7/22)。胰腺癌患者K-ras基因突变率及K-ras蛋白表达阳性率均明显高于非胰腺癌患者(P均<0.05)。K-ras基因突变与其蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.542,P<0.05),而与胰腺癌患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、临床分期及分化程度等临床病理特征均无显著相关性(P均>0.05)。结论:胰腺癌K-ras基因突变的发生率升高,且K-ras蛋白表达异常上调,二者可能有助于胰腺癌的诊断。

Objective： To investigate the clinical significances ofK-ras gene mutation and K-ras protein expression for the diagnosis and of pancreatic cancer. Methods： The mutation of K-ras gene 12 codon was detected by mutant allele-specific amplification （PCR-MASA） and K-ras protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry method in 31 cases of pancreatic cancer and 22 cases of non-pancreatic cancer. Results： In 31 cases of pancreatic cancer, the mutation rate of K-ras gene 12 codon was 80.6 % （25/31）, and the positive rate of K-ras protein expression was 87.1% （27/31）. In 22 cases of non-pancreatic cancer, the mutation rate ofK-ras gene 12 codon was 27.3 % （6/22）, and the positive rate of K-ras protein expression was 31.8 % （7/22）. The K-ras gene mutation rate and the positive rate of K-ras protein expression of pancreatic cancer were obviously higher than the those of the non-pancreatic cancer （P 〈0.05）. K-ras gene mutation and K-ras protein expression was positively correlated （r=0.542, P〈0.05）. K-ras gene mutation and K-ras protein expression were not associated with the pathological characteristics of pancreatic cancer （gender, age, tumor location, tumor size, TNM staging and degree of differentiation）. Conclusion： The K-ras gene mutation rate and K-ras protein expression were upregulated in pancreatic cancer, which may be helpful for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.