翻译文学批评中的价值主体与评价主体研究

On Value Subjects and Appraisal Subjects in Translation Criticism

从价值哲学的角度认识翻译文学批评是翻译文学批评研究的一个全新视角,目前学界对其中的价值主体与评价主体的认识存在一定的模糊和偏误,从而使得这一新的批评理论体系存在某种缺憾。本文详细阐释了翻译文学的价值主体和评价主体,指出价值主体的确认是翻译文学评价的基础,价值主体的需要是评价标准的尺度来源;同时认为,翻译文学批评中的评价主体与价值主体既可能完全或部分重合,也可能相互分离,即使是完全和部分重合,逻辑上的区分也是十分重要的,否则极易影响翻译文学批评的有效性和合理性。

Criticism of translated literature from the viewpoint of philosophy of value is a new approach, and among some researchers there are some misunderstandings of value subjects and appraisal subjects. A careful analysis of these two kinds of subjects leads to the conclusion that a clear recognition of value subject is the base for translation criti- cism, because the needs of value subjects are the source of the criteria for the criticism, and that the logical differen- tiation of the relationship between these two subjects is crucial for the reliability and rationality of the translation criti- cism, even when the two subjects overlap or happen to be the same person（s）.