甘南藏族自治州米面制品中铝的暴露评估研究

Assessment of aluminum exposure in grain and rice products in Gannan Autonomous Prefecture

目的：在甘南藏族自治州范围内开展米面制品中铝污染监测，掌握米面制品中铝污染的基本情况，运用所监测的数据对米面制品中铝含量进行暴露评估。方法本研究采用点评估方法，考虑到不同区域、不同性别和不同年龄段的人群食物摄入量有差异，所以在评估过程中暴露量也按龄段、地区和性别分组，以每周铝暴露量进行评估，计算不同类别及主要膳食中铝的安全限值（MOS），当MOS≥1时，该物质对食品安全影响的风险超过了可以接受的限度，应当采取适当的风险管理措施。当M OS＜1时，认为在初步风险评估中，该物质对食品安全的风险是可以接受的。结果铝的每周暴露量较高的3个年龄组分别为4岁～、2岁～、7岁～，铝的每周暴露量较低的3个年龄组分别为30岁～、60岁～、70岁～。结论从全州总体（均值MOS）来看，MOS值在1.4～3.9之间，都大于1，尤其是4岁～、2岁～和7岁～年龄段人群，暴露风险超过了可以接受的限度，铝的摄入存在一定的风险，应当采取适当的风险管理措施。首先要减少食品中含铝添加剂的使用，其次要减少高铝食品摄入量。如果从全省的中位值（中位数M OS ）来看，M O S值在0．79～1．02之间，大多数小于1，结合均值和偏高值来看，食物中铝含量高低不一，但食物中铝的暴露量偏高的为少数。

Objective Gannan Prefecture contaminated rice products to carry out the statewide pollution monitoring in aluminum ,using the monitored data Gannan rice products for the aluminum content in the exposure assessment .Methods In this study by point assessment methods . Taking into account the different regions , different gender and population food intake of different ages are different ,so the amount of exposure by age group , region and gender groups in the assessment process .aluminum per week exposure to assess different types of computing and the major dietary aluminum safety limits （MOS） .when MOS≥1 the risks of the substance to food safety implications of exceeding acceptable limits that shall take appropriate risk management measures .When MOS〈1 considered in the preliminary risk assessment of the substance of food safety risk is acceptable .Results The weekly exposure to higher levels of aluminum in three age groups were 4 years old , 2 years old , 7 years old , aluminum lower weekly amount of exposure to the three age groups were 30 years old ,60 years old ,70 years old . Conclusion From statewide overall （mean MOS） point of view MOS value between 1 .4 to 3 .9 ,especially four years old ,two years old and seven years old age group that the risk of exposure exceeding the acceptable limits . aluminum intake there are certain risks should take appropriate risk management measures .If the median value from the province （median MOS） point of view MOS values between 0 .79 to 1 .02 ,the aluminum content in food varies most less than a combined average and high value point of view .But the food high aluminum exposure is in the minority .