政党政治与昂山之死:再论缅甸“7·19”事件

Party Politics and the Death of Aung San: “July 19th Incident” in Burma

1947年7月19日,当英缅交涉进入最后阶段时,以昂山为首的六名缅甸行政会委员突遭暗杀身亡,史称"7·19"事件。学界围绕此次暗杀是否系英国政府主使展开了长时间的争论,一直未有定论。通过剖析英国政府的相关解密档案,可见事件的直接原因是吴素企图以武装手段夺权,根本原因是战后英国殖民势力骤然撤离,遗留下巨大的权力空间。激烈的政党竞争、薄弱的法治秩序,使得缅甸本土派系斗争激化、政党活动失控。"7·19"事件,可为解读战后新生民族国家的政治问题提供新的视角。

On July 19 th,1947,when the negotiation between Britain and Burma was approaching the final stage,Aung San and five other executive council members were suddenly assassinated,which was named the 'July 19 th Incident'. Academia has witnessed lasting argument about whether the British administration involved in the assassination.According to declassified British official documents,the direct cause of the incident was a coup d'etat designed by U Saw to seize Burma's political power,and the root cause was the huge power space left behind by the sudden retreat of British colonial administration. In consequence,fierce competition between political parties plus weak rule of law led to local faction out of control. The 'July 19 th Incident'provided a new perspective to analyze political issues in post-war new nations.