俄罗斯湖泊水环境污染治理与保护管理

Lake Pollution Control and Water Environment Protection Management in Russia

在对比分析中国和俄罗斯水资源概况、湖泊保护政策及水环境治理技术等的基础上,以贝加尔湖为例,对其水环境保护和污染治理历程进行了总结。结果表明,俄罗斯水资源总量大,水质标准严格;其湖泊保护和管理与其政治经济发展密切相关。苏联解体之前,对湖泊保护与治理不够重视,而在苏联解体之后,俄罗斯对湖泊环境保护日益重视,并且采取了对湖区进行分区保护以及建立水资源管理系统和征收水资源税等措施。

On the basic of comparing China and Russia on the general situation of water resoures, lake protection policy and water environment management technology, taking Lake Baikal as an example, the water environment protection and pollution control process were summarized. The results show that the total amount of water resources is rich and water quality standards are strict, and the protection and management of lakes are closely related to the political and economic development. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the protection and management of lakes was insufficient, but after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia has paid more and more attention to the environmental protection of lakes. It has some reference value to the management of water environment and resources in China.