摘要
汉语疑问词与"都"的相对位置可分为四类:句式1NP+都+谓词+WH;句式2WH+NP+都+谓词;句式3都+WH(+NP)+谓词;句式4NP+WH+都+谓词。我们从形式学派角度把疑问词分析为变量,把"都"分析成全称量化词,逐一分析了这四类句式中"都"的关联(associate)项和约束(bind)对象。在蒋静忠、潘海华(2013)的基础上,进一步厘清了"都"的三分结构与"都"重读与否的关系,总结了"都"的关联次序和约束规则。当"都"重读时,左向关联并约束距它最近的复数性非疑问成分。当"都"非重读时,优先关联疑问词,左向关联的疑问词要求其量化形式为个体,并约束该疑问词;右向关联的疑问词要求可表复数,并约束该疑问词引出的变量。另外,"都"总是关联距其最近的移位关联项。
There are four types about the relative position of WH-phrase and dou(都) in Mandarin Chinese. 1) NP + dou(都) + predicate + WH; 2) WH + NP + dou(都) + predicate; 3) Dou(都) + WH (+ NP) + predicate; 4) NP + WH + dou(都) + predicate. In this paper, we analyze WH-phrase as a variable, dou(都) as a universal quantifier. Based on the associative item, binding object and stress ofdou(都) in these four types, we sum up the associative order and binding rule of dou(都). When dou(都) is stressed, it left-associates and binds the nearest plural non-WH-phrase. When dou(都) is unstressed, it associates the WH-phrase, preceding over the plural non-WH-phrases. When dou(都) left-associates the WH-phrase of individual form, dou(都) will also bind it. When dou(都) right-associates the plural WH-phrase, dou(都)will bind its variable. In addition, dou(都) always left-associates the nearest moved associative item.
出处
《语言研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第4期1-8,共8页
Studies in Language and Linguistics
关键词
疑问词
“都”
位置
关联
约束
WH-phrase
Dou(都)
Position
Associatebind