试论儒家思想对刘勰《文心雕龙》的影响——以《序志》、《宗经》、《辨骚》篇为主

Influence of Confucianism Reflected in Liu Xie's Wenxindiaolong:A Study of Xuzhi,Zongjing and Biansao

刘勰生活于儒、释、道三教合流的齐梁时代,但《文心雕龙》深受儒家思想的影响。《序志》篇所呈现的刘勰因圣人垂梦而最终织梦成书、敷赞圣旨并立言不朽的人生志愿以及改变颓靡文坛的为文动机,都与其崇儒尊孔的思想密切相关。《宗经》篇所宗之经即儒家经典,宗经思想作为《文心雕龙》的核心思想贯穿全书,"文之枢纽"之一的《辨骚》篇也有体现。在《宗经》之"宗"与《辨骚》之"辨"中,见出《序志》篇"变乎骚"之"变"在于"奇"和"采",由此,刘勰确立了"执正驭奇"、"衔华佩实"的理想文学观。

Liuxie lived in Qi and Liang dynasties during which Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism mixed together. But the major influence on his Wenxindiaolong is from Confucianism. Xuzhi tells Lixie＇ s story of accumulating the speech of sage in his dream and writing them into his own book, and his motivation of writing this book for changing the decadent literary environment is closely related to Confucianism. What is emphasized in Zongjing is Confucianism which, as the core idea, is going through the book and reflected in Biansao. ＂Zong＂ （Canon） of Zongjing and ＂ Bian＂ （ change ） of Biansao reflected its ＂Qi＂ （peculiar） and ＂ Cai＂ （literary grace）, based on which, Liuxie＇ s ideal literary concept has been established finally.