基于脑-机接口和嗅觉解码的仿生气味识别系统

Biomimetic Olfactory Sensing System Based on Brain-Machine Interface and Olfactory Decoding

为了探讨利用生物嗅觉传感系统进行气味识别的可行性,提出了一种基于脑-机接口的仿生气味识别系统。该系统利用大鼠嗅觉感受细胞作为气味敏感传感单元,使用16通道植入式微丝电极记录和分析具有气味刺激特征的嗅球僧帽细胞电位响应信号。实验结果显示,该系统对气味具有高度敏感性,通过一定模式识别处理算法,不同的气味刺激具有较好的区分性,证明了该系统有望应用于气味的检测和识别。

Mammalian olfactory systems have merits of higher sensitivity, selectivity and faster response than current electronic nose systems based on chemical sensor array in odor recognition. The purpose of this study is to develop a biomimetic olfactory sensing system based on brain-machine interface technology for odor detection in vivo electrophysiological measurements of olfactory bulb. In this work, extracellular potentials of mitral/tufted cells in olfactory bulb were recorded by implanted 16-channel microwire electrode arrays. The odor-evoked response signals were analyzed. We found that neural activities of different neurons showed visible different firing patterns in both temporal features and rate features when stimulated by different small molecular odorants. Odors were classified by an algorithm based on population vector similarity and support vector machine. The results suggest that the novel bioelectonic nose is sensitive to odorant stimuli. With the development of BMI and olfactory decoding methods, we believe that this system will represent emerging and promising platforms for wide applications in medical diagnosis and security fields.