非亲缘造血干细胞捐献者的心理焦虑原因分析与应对

Analysis and countermeasures on the anxiety of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors

外周血造血干细胞(peripheral blood stem cell,PBSC)移植在治疗白血病等恶性血液病中获得了广泛的应用。随着非亲缘造血干细胞捐献志愿者日益增多,捐献过程中的心理焦虑问题也逐渐突显,心理焦虑已经成为PBSC捐献者普遍出现的不良反应之一。目前认为,引起PBSC捐献者心理焦虑的原因主要包括:对安全性的担忧、采集过程中的不良反应、外界环境、负面干预、受到过度关注以及对患者移植预后的担忧等。针对这些原因可采取包括:加强宣传、减轻不良反应、提供舒适的捐献环境、加强心理辅导、改进志愿服务以及充分沟通等在内的针对性措施,减轻或消除捐献者在PBSC采集过程中的心理焦虑。

Peripheral blood stem cells （PBSC） transplantation has been widely used in the treatment of leukemia and other hematologic malignancies. As the number of unrelated PBSC donors was increasing, psychological anxiety has become one of the most common adverse effects of PBSC donors during the process of donation. The reasons for anxiety of PBSC donors included： concern about the safety of PBSC, side effects of PBSC, environmental factors, negative influence, societal attention, and post-transplantation concern. Some methods which could be taken to relieve or eliminate the anxiety include： enhancing promotion, treating the side effect, providing a comfortable environment, strengthening psychological guidance, improving volunteer service, and encouraging comprehensive communication.