高铅含硒物料湿法处理回收硒的工艺研究

Hydrometallurgical Process Study on Selenium Recovery from Lead-Rich Selenium Concentrates

对高铅含硒物料进行了湿法处理工艺探讨,根据物料的X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、多元素分析及元素硒的物相分析结果,对比考察了不同强化浸出剂的处理效果,并考察了不同浸出因素对强化浸出效果的影响,同时研究了不同还原因素对浸出液中硒还原率的影响,最终确定了合适的处理工艺。结果表明,采用硫酸作为强化浸出剂硒的浸出效果最好;采用硫酸进行强化浸出硒,在液固质量比为1.5∶1.0、温度90℃、浸出2.5 h的最佳条件下,浸出渣中硒品位小于0.5%,硒的浸出率可达96%以上;含硒料液最佳还原条件:温度为70℃、氯离子浓度为0.06 mol·L-1、亚硫酸钠加入理论用量1.2倍,此时还原后液中硒含量小于0.03 mg·L-1,硒还原率高达99.99%,还原获得粗硒中硒含量93%左右,硒的总回收率达到96.7%。该工艺从高铅含硒物料中回收硒,可以简洁有效地处理此类含硒物料。

According to the X-ray fluorescence （ XRF）, multi-element analysis and selenium phase analysis results, a hydrometallur- gical treatment process was studied. The treatment process was determined by the effects of different treatment enhanced leaching a- gents. The influence of different factors on enhanced leaching was studied, and the effect of different reduction factors on the reducing rate was studied. The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows ： sulfuric acid of the enhanced leaching agent, liquid to solid weight ratio of 1.5： 1.0, leaching time of 2.5 h and leaching temperature of 90 ℃. Under the optimal conditions, the selenium grade of leached residue was less than 0.5% , and leaching rate was 99.99%. The optimal reducing conditions were as follows： the temperature of 70 ℃, the chloride ion concentration of 0.06 mol .L- 1, sodium sulfite amount of 1.2 times the theoretical amount. The selenium content in the solution was less than 0.03 mg＇L-1 , the selenium reduction rate was 99.99% , the selenium content in crude selenium was 93% , and the total recovery of selenium reached 96.7% under the optimum conditions. The recovery of Se from high- lead selenium materials was realized. And the selenium could be simply and efficiently treated by this process.