农村老年人口对养老服务供给主体的社会认同度研究——基于宗族网络与农村养老服务政策的比较

The Elder's Social Identity of the Main Body of Pension Services in Rural Areas——Based on Comparison of Rural Pension Service and Clan Network Service

中国农村养老服务机制正处于基础设施资金投入不足、养老机构建设滞后,以及专业技术人员缺乏与"空巢老人"数量增加的多重不利因素环境下,而农村宗族网络一直发挥着主要作用。笔者基于中国15省市15县(市)的调查数据,对宗族网络和农村社会养老服务社会认同做了经验分析,考察了导致家庭及宗族网络和农村养老服务政策的社会认同度差异的关键性因素,这些因素透视出了农村居民对养老服务的社会认同的群体差异性和利益目标的即期性导向。鉴于此,笔者认为,提升农村居民对养老服务社会认同度的关键在于多元化的养老服务体系搭建,无论是社会主导还是政府主导都应该构筑出政府,社会、宗族网络和家庭"多位一体"的"立体式"社会养老服务保障模式。

China＇s rural pension service mechanism is being under the condition of multiple adverse environmental tactors, such as the lack of infrastructure investment, pension agency construction lagging behind, the lack of professional and technical personnel, as well as an increase in the number of ＂ empty nester＂, while the rural clan network has played a main role. Based on survey data of 15 counties （cities） of 15 provinces in China, we have done an empirical analysis on the identity of networked clans and rural social pension services, and find that the key of improving rural residents＇identity of pension service is to build a diversified old - age service sys tem, and whether dominated by society or government, it should be constructed as a＂ three -dimensional＂ social pension security service mode by government, society, and clan and family.