免疫细胞在肝纤维化发生发展中的作用

Research advances in immune cellular pathogenesis in liver fibrosis

肝纤维化是各种病因导致的慢性肝病的共同病理改变,其发生机制与肝星状细胞(HSC)的活化和增殖有关。免疫细胞与HSC的相互作用可调控肝纤维化基质的形成及过度沉积,导致肝纤维化和肝硬化的发生。综述了近年来肝纤维化形成过程中的免疫细胞的作用及机制,总结了先天性免疫系统及适应性免疫系统对肝纤维化的调控。因此,深入研究肝纤维化发病过程免疫细胞、细胞因子与HSC的相互作用,以及免疫机制的调控作用,有助于为肝纤维化的治疗提供新的契机。

Liver fibrosis is the common pathological consequence of all chronic liver diseases with various etiologies. The mechanism of liver fibrosis is associated with the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells （HSCs）. The interaction between immune cells and HSCs can regulate the production of extracellular matrix （ECM） and lead to the excessive deposition of ECM and subsequent liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. This article reviews the current understanding of the effects and action mechanisms of immune cells in the development of liver fibrosis and summarizes the regulatory functions of the innate and adaptive immune systems in liver fibrosis. Further study of the interactions between immune cells, cytokines, and HSCs and the regulatory mechanisms of the immune system will provide novel opportunity for the treatment of liver fibrosis.