洗衣机液体平衡环偏心旋转研究

A Study on the Eccentric Rotation of the Liquid Balancer in a Washing Machine

洗衣机在旋转过程中会产生较大离心力,由于偏心旋转,引起内筒与壁面的强烈撞击.为了减小撞击引起的振动,洗衣机上安装液体平衡环.平衡环结构的设计,包括平衡环环道的数量、平衡环内部腔体的数量、隔断上面开孔的位置和大小、注入液体体积等.对五种结构的平衡环进行了数值模拟分析,包括单环无腔平衡环、双环无腔平衡环、单环3腔平衡环、双环3腔平衡环和双环24腔平衡环;研究了3 mm、5 mm的不同偏心距以及25rpm、30rpm、40rpm、50rpm等不同转速和平衡环启动阶段0~15s的动态转速等旋转条件的影响.本文首先对平衡环偏心旋转离心力的现有理论计算模型进行改进,然后,通过四种平衡环、四种转速、两种偏心距下的离心力数值模拟,验证了所做改进的合理性和有效性,最后,对三种平衡环、两种偏心距进行启动阶段的动态数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行分析,从而给出平衡环结构上的设计建议.

A washing machine generates a huge centrifugal force during its high speed spinning process. The eccentric rotation causes a strong impact between the tub and the frame of a washing machine. In order to reduce the vibration and collision, a liquid balancer is installed in a washing machine. The design of a liquid balancer includes the number of races in a liquid balancer, the number of cavities in a liquid balancer, the position and area of openings on the baffles, the volume of the liquid poured in a balancer and so on. Five different liquid balancers were analyzed： the one-race balancer with no cavities, the two-race balancer with no cavities, the one-race balancer with three cavities, the two-race balancer with three cavities and the two-race balancer with 24 cavities. The effects of different eccentricity were also studied for values of 3 mm and 5 ram, different speed values of 25 rpm, 30 rpm, 40 rpm, 50 rpm and the rotation speed curve in the start-up phase. According to all these different rotating conditions, firstly the theoretical calculation equation of the centrifugal force was improved. Secondly, by simulating the centrifugal forces on different rotating conditions, the original values, modified values and simulation values of the centrifugal force of different balancers were compared. And then the results verified the rationality and validity of the improvement. Finally, this study simulated different balancers at the rotation speed curve. Furthermore, this study analyzed the simulation results and proposed the liquid balancers＇ design recommendations.