吉林省敦化市山林地区重要医学节肢动物的调查研究

Investigation of important medical arthropods in the forest area of Dunhua city, Jilin province

目的调查吉林省敦化市哈尔巴岭和莲花泡林区重要医学节肢动物的种类。方法于2012-2013年4-8月采用帐诱、灯诱和挥网法采集吸血双翅目昆虫;布旗法采集自然环境中的蜱。结果在吉林省敦化市哈尔巴岭和莲花泡林区采获重要医学节肢动物16 141只,经鉴定计4科12属50种,其中蚊科3属10种,蠓科1属8种(包括1新种哈尔巴岭库蠓),虻科5属28种,硬蜱科3属4种。优势种为刺扰伊蚊(81.96%)、新替库蠓(48.01%)、刺螫库蠓(24.20%)、显著瘤虻(26.17%)、窄须瘤虻(12.66%)和嗜群血蜱(67.34%)。5月蜱类密度指数达最高峰。结论吉林省敦化市林区医学节肢动物种类多,危害严重,应加强防护。

Objective To investigate the important medical arthropods from Haerbaling and Lianhuapao forest areas of Dunhua city, Jilin province. Methods Blood-sucking Diptera insects were collected by bednet, light trap and insect net. Ticks were collected by dragging a blanket over the vegetation on the ground. Results A total of 16 141 specimens belonging 4 families 12 genera 50 species were recorded from Dunhua city, including 10 species and 3 genera of Culicidae, 8 species and 1 genus of Ceratopogonidae （including a new species： Culicoides haerbalingensis）, 28 species and 5 genera of Tabanidae, 4 species and 3 genera of Ixodidae. The predominant species were Aedes vexans （81.96%）; Culicoides newsteadi （48.01%）, Culicoides punctatus （24.20 % ）; Hybomitra distinguenda （26.17 % ）, Hybomitra stenopselaphas （12.66 % ）; Haema physalis concinna （67.34%）. The peak period of ticks was May. Conclusion There were many medical arthropods and hazard in forest areas of Dunhua city, and medical arthropods should be controlled.