儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒病原检测741例分析

Study on viral pathogen of acute respiratory infection of 741 children

目的了解当前沧州地区儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染（acuterespiratoryinfection，ARI）病原学的状况，为临床儿童急性呼吸道感染提供病毒病原学诊断依据。方法选择2012年5月～2013年7月于河北省沧州市中心医院确诊的ARI住院患儿共741例，取其鼻咽分泌物采用直接免疫荧光法检测7种病毒即呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒（ADV）、副流感病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ（（PIV1、PIV2、PIV3）、流感病毒A、B（IFVA、IFVB）。结果741例患儿中阳性212例，总阳性率28．6％。不同性别患儿间阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．753）。RSV是住院ARI患儿最主要病原，其次是PIV3；冬季病毒阳性检出率最高，为45％，秋季最低，为15％。年龄≤3岁组检测阳性率明显高于4～7岁组和≥8岁组，差异均有统计学意义。结论RSV是导致沧州地区儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原体；病毒感染流行性有明显的季节特征，冬春季高发；不同年龄儿童对各种病毒存在不同的易感性。

Objective To study the infection state of virus in hospitalized children suffered with acute respiratory infec- tion （ARI） in Cangzhou district from May 2012 to July 2013. Methods The 7 common respiratory viruses,including re- spiratory syncitial virus （RSV）, adenovirus （ADV）, influnenza （IFV） A and B, and parainfluenza （PIV 1,2,3）, were detec- ted using direct immunofluorescence viral antigen rapid diagnosis in nasopharyngeal aspirate （NPS） of children with ARI. Results In totally 741 samples,28.6% （212/741） was shown to be viral positive. There were no significant differences in the infection rates between genders（P= 0. 753）. Among the seven kinds of virus, the highest infection rate was 16.1M of RSV,followed was 4.5 % of PIV3. The highest total infection rate was 45.0% in winter,and the lowest total infection rate was 15 % in autumn. The infection rate in ≤3-year-old children group was significantly higher than that of ≤3-year-old chil- dren group（P〈0. 01）. Conclusions RSV is the most common viral pathogen in children hospitalized with ARI in Cang- zhou. The epidemic of respiratory viruses could be with obvious seasonal characteristics,and the highest rate of respiratory virus infection might be in winter and spring. The infection rate of different virus could be different in children at different age.