被害人学在命案现场分析中的应用(Ⅳ)

Victimology in Homicide Crime Scene Analysis(Part Ⅳ)

本文是被害人学在命案现场分析中的应用系列文章第四篇,阐述被害人身体损伤对命案现场分析的作用和价值。重点放在案犯有意实施的损伤,内容主要包括六个方面,即损伤程度、特殊工具损伤、加固损伤、发泄损伤、威逼损伤、左利手损伤。文章结合具体案例,对六个方面进行了分析探讨。

As the fourth portion of the serial treatise of victimology in homicide crime scene analysis, this paper relates the homicidal crime scene analysis to victim＇s body injury which can be classified into two major types, one is the trauma that the culprit intentionally enforces to exert against the victim, for example the injuries over being attacked, and another is the one caused by other reasons such as the tumbling and bruising during a crime. Here the emphasis places on the first-mentioned type because the body injury formed with purposive exertion has capacity of reflecting the conditions of the criminal＇s physiology and psychology so that forensic physicians often use the traits of victim＇s body injury to make judgments and decision to excavate the criminal motives and/or depict the offender. The common-discussed body injury is consisted as follows： 1. degree of damage, indicating not only the severeness to leave one victim＇s life in danger but also the different injuring degrees among the dead in cases of multiple lives claimed; 2. injuries formed with special tools, those created with the shape-and-usage-specific tools which are not commonly used and seen, either; 3. intensified trauma, one that is further inflicted by the criminal to ensure death after killing the victim; 4. wound out of abreaction, like the intensified trauma, the additional damage enforced by the offender to discharge wrath following putting the victim to death; 5. coercion injuries, those of the non-lethal ones produced by the culprit to ask the victim to obey for certain purpose, usually taking place at the early stage of crime; 6. left-handed trauma, one that is engendered by the suspect who is a left-handed, and to define such kind of injury requires that the attacker and the attacked be unambiguous in their opposite positions.