汉代哀歌与生死价值观

Life and Death Value of Han Dynasy's Elegy Poetry

汉代的诗歌具有特别的死亡观,人为何而死?特别是轻易地为何而死?这其中里就隐藏着当时人们对生死的价值观。从先秦《诗经》的"死生契阔"到屈原的"九死犹未悔",再到汉末《孔雀东南飞》焦仲卿与刘兰芝的"一死反压迫",都对死亡有着坚毅、宁死不屈的精神与态度。这样的态度表现了他们对人生与死亡所持的价值观,进而可以看出其所秉持的生存态度价值观。汉代哀歌里反映了强烈地对生存"坚贞"的态度,生固"坚贞",因而"死"亦"坚贞"。以死表达对自我的忠诚与尊严的坚持、以死表示对爱情的忠诚、以死表现英雄傲气与生活无依,三者皆透露出刚毅不屈的生存价值观。

The poem of Han Dynasty had its own special death concept. What the meaning or value behind the death？ What people die for and what the reason that people are easy to die for？ So we can discover the value of the death those were hide. People had the determination about the death from the ＂life and death together＂ of Book of Odes in Pre-Qin, ＂no regret for nine times death＂ of Quyuan to Jiao Zhongqing, and Liu Lanzhi＇s ＂Death for revolt against the oppressors ＂of Kong Que Dong Nan Fei in Han Dynasty. This character expressed their character facing the death and life and the value of life. The elegy song of Han Dynasty had the ＂faithful＂ life value of people character and also the death. So the determination of life value was discovered from the death to express faithful and honor, death to express faith about love, and death to express pride and helplessness of life.