反诘副词“好道”的语法化路径研究

On the Function and the Grammaticalization of Chinese Adverbs

本专题3篇论文从功能和演化两个方面对副词进行了深入探讨。张谊生从构式化角度对"你少X"的构成方式、语义特征、句类归属及语用语境加以描写,揭示了这组构式的提醒与建议、规劝与告诫、贬抑与调侃、反对与指责等语用倾向;还指出了"少"与"别"在可替换使用时细微的倾向性差异。胡丽珍等分析了副词"想"作为话语标记的性质和功能,其功能包括篇章连接功能和信息凸显功能,前者包括话题引入、话题深化和话题转换功能,后者包括凸显人称信息和已然、惯常信息的功能。罗美君、雷冬平则揭示了"好道"从名词短语演化到肯定语气副词,再演变成测度语气副词,最后形成反诘语气副词的用法;认为"好道"由核心成分演化成非核心成分的语法化过程与反诘副词"难道"的演化路径相似,符合一般的语言演变规律。

These three articles analyzed Chinese adverbs in the function and the grammaticalizafion two levels. Zhang Yisheng reveals the pragmatic tendency of ＂remind and suggestions＂,＂ persuasion and warning＂, ＂humbled and ridicule＂, ＂opposition and accusations＂ by describing the formation, semantic features, sentence category attribution and context of the construction ＂Ni （你） Shao（ 少 ） X＂. He also distinguishs the ＂Shao（少） ＂ and ＂Bu（ 不）＂ though the two words can be replaced in some context. Hu Lizhen analyzed the nature and the function of the Adverb ＂Xiang（想） ＂ as discourse marker. Its function includes text connection function and information highlighting function, the former including introduction of the topic, topic deepen and topic conversion function, the latter include the function of highlighting the personal information and highlighting the already and the usual information. Luo Meijun and Lei Dongping reveals the evolution path from the noun phrase to positive mood adverbs, and then to conjecture modality adverbs, and finally to the formation of the interrogative adverb. They show that ＂Haodao（好道）＂ deprived from the core component to non -core component, which was similar to that of ＂Nandao （难道）＂, was accordingly a common evolution law.