文献计量学视角下国内老年临终关怀的研究现状和发展

A literature metrology on elderly hospice care in China

目的分析近20年国内老年临终关怀的发展与研究历程及现状,以探讨国内老年临终关怀护理的未来发展。方法检索国内四大数据库(CNKI、VIP、WanFang、CBM)建库至2014年10月有关老年临终关怀的全部文献,利用Excel软件进行分析。结果共检索出符合文献267篇,其中233篇(87.27%)文献发表在非护理期刊。研究热点主要集中于临终关怀的护理体会、现状研究、社会工作、心理关怀4个主题,近10年发文量增加;由基金资助的论文为37篇,篇均引文数量为5.65。结论临终关怀近10年发展迅速,但我国传统的死亡观念、孝道文化,缺少资金支持,管理制度不完善,人员素质等问题阻碍了临终护理事业的发展,也增加了研究人员开展相关研究的难度。应充分利用社会民间临终关怀组织的作用,建立全民临终关怀的通识教育和职业教育的课程体系,积极探索适合我国文化背景的临终护理模式。同时,开展高质量的科学研究,加强跨区域合作。

Objective To analyze domestic hospice care literature in the last 20 years and explore future development of hospice care. Methods The published papers on elderly hospice care were searched in four major domestic databases including CNKI, VIP, Wan- Fang and CBM from their inauguration to October, 2014. And the literature was analyzed using Excel statistical software. Results A total of 267 papers were retrieved, and 2a3 of them （87.27~/oo） were published in journals other than nursing journals. The re- search focus was nursing experiences, current situation, social work and psychological caring. The quantity of papers increased in the past 10 years. There were 37 papers supported by funds and the number of citations averaged 5.65. Conclusion Although the re- search on hospice care has developed rapidly in recent 10 years, there are still many difficulties in its development, such as those result from traditional death concept and filial culture, lack of financial support, deficiencies in management and personnel quality. Therefore, we should take advantage of nongovermental hospice care, set up liberal education in hospice care and curriculum sys- tem for vocational education and explore hospice care mode suitable to Chinese cultural background. Moreover, cross-regional scientific research on hospice care should be advocated.