我国开展减盐行动的SWOT分析

SWOT analysis of salt reduction in China

通过降低人群食盐摄入量以预防和控制高血压,已经在国际上得到广泛认可,但我国的减盐工作刚处于起步阶段。文章运用SWOT分析方法,对我国开展减盐行动的优势、劣势、机会和挑战进行系统化的分析,结果发现我国开展减盐行动的机遇与挑战并存,但机遇大于挑战,目前国内外的政策环境支持、居民健康需求的日益增长、国外减盐实践的成功经验、慢性病防控体系的初步形成都带来了良好的机遇,但在全社会低盐认识、饮食习惯差异、餐饮企业利益化和多部门合作等方面存在诸多挑战。因此建议应建立国家层面的减盐行动体系,完善监测评估体系,提供全面的低盐意识,餐饮行业应形成低盐的饮食文化,加大营养标签的宣贯力度等。

Salt reduction has been proven to be the most cost--effective population policy for preventing and con- trolling high blood pressure,which is widely recognized internationally. In this paper by using the strengths--weaknes- ses-opportunities- threats（SWOT） analysis, we analyzed systematically strengths and weaknesses,opportunities and threats of salt reduction in China. The results showed that advantages and disadvantages both existed during the salt re- duction in China, and we faced both opportunities and challenges. However,opportunities would outweigh challenges. The advantages were international and domestic policy supports, the increasing health need, foreign successful experi- ence, and chronic diseases prevention and control system initially formed. But we also faced the lack of awareness of salt reduction,regional differences, enterprises＂ pursuit of economic benefit, and multi--sectoral participation mechanism. Therefore,we should create a national salt reduction system, establish an available monitoring and evaluation system, raise people＇s awareness of salt reduction, form a low--salt diet culture,and implement nutrition labeling.