三亚冬季大气PM_(2.5)及碳气溶胶特征与来源分析

Characteristic and source identifications of PM_(2.5) and carbonaceous aerosol at Sanya durning 2011 winter

本文对海南省三亚市2011年冬季的大气PM_(2.5)和碳气溶胶进行了调查分析。冬季三亚PM_(2.5)平均质量浓度为20.4±7.6μg·m^(-3),OC和EC的平均浓度分别为3.1±1.3μg·m^(-3)和1.2±0.4μg·m^(-3),空气质量较好,观测期内达到了我国新的PM_(2.5)试行标准。PM_(2.5)、OC和EC周平均浓度反映了来自机动车尾气排放移动污染源的主导贡献。通过对OC与EC中8个碳组分主成分分析,识别汽油车排放为三亚碳气溶胶的主要来源,其次为生物质燃烧、柴油车和燃煤,并且主要来源与三亚市的产业分布、能源结构和居民生活等情况一致。

Intensive observation of PM2,5, organic and elemental carbon （OC and EC） were conducted during 2012 winter at Sanya, Hannah Province, China. Average PM2.5 mass concentration was 20.4 ±-3 -3 7.6 μg·m-3 and average OC and EC concentrations were 3.1l ± 1.3 μg·m and 1.2 ± 0.4 μg· m , respectively. The air quality of Sanya was good and the PM2.5 concentration accorded with the newly national PMz5 standards. Weekly variations of PM2.5, OC and EC demonstrated that the dominant contribution came from gasoline motor vehicle exhaust. Gasoline motor vehicle exhaust was identified as the major source for carbonaceous PM2.5 at Sanya using Principal Component Analysis of 8 carbon fractions, followed by biomass burning, diesel exhaust and coal combustion. The source contribution for carbonaceous aerosol was coincided with the structure of industry, energy, and residence activities in Sanya.