天山北麓面向生态的地下水资源优化配置研究

The optimized allocation of groundwater resources for supergene ecology in the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain

为了实现地下水资源开发与表生生态协调发展,针对天山北麓水资源开采现状存在的问题,应用数值模拟技术对地下水资源进行了优化配置。结果表明:地下水可开采量与水位埋深呈反相关关系,水位埋藏越浅,可开采量越大,沿着山前戈壁—冲洪积扇—冲积平原—沙漠边缘的格局,地下水分配比例依次为5%、19%、73%、3%,开采阈值为24.1×10~8m^3·a^(-1),较现状年增加的开采量主要来自夺取潜水的无效蒸发量。

To coordinate development between groundwater-resource exploitation and supergene ecology, optimized allocation of groundwater resources was analyzed by numerical simulation for ecological problems induced by current water-resource exploitation. The results indicated that, groundwater sustainable yield was inversely correlated with groundwater depth. The shallower the groundwater depth, the larger the groundwater sustainable yield. The proportion of groundwater exploitation was 5%, 19%, 73% and 3% respectively from piedmont zone to alluvial-proluvial fan, to alluvial plain, to desert edge, the threshold value of groundwater exploitation was 24.1×10^8 m^3·a^-1. The increased amount of groundwater exploitation was mainly from the reduced evaporation.