论《庄子》的文本形态与话语资源

Text Forms and Discourse Resources of Zhuangzi

学界在讨论《庄子》文章风格的形成时,往往偏重于庄子生活的地域范围。其实,强调《庄子》的地域特色看似在"知人论世",但又把"知人论世"理解得过于狭窄,即只注重庄子个体的成长过程,而忽视了整个战国知识界的互动影响。庄子的姓氏、籍贯并不能判定庄子之学是"楚学"或者"宋学"。《吕氏春秋》、《荀子》、《韩非子》、郭店简《语丛四》与《庄子》相近、相似的段落说明,《庄子》形成的背后存在着一个广阔而深厚的话语资源。《逍遥游》中"鲲鹏寓言"的结构特征能够清晰地呈现出,庄子对战国社会流行故事的吸纳、改编、提升和创新。

In the academic circles, the discussion about the formation of Zhuangzi＇s style often focuses on the geograph ical scope that Zhuangzi lived. In fact, emphasizing regional characteristics of Zhuangzi appeared to be using knowledge of a person and his time,but in fact this understanding is too limited., it is confined to the individual growth process of Zhuangzi and ignores the interaction of the entire intelligentsia in the Warring States Period. The surname and the native place of Zhuangzi cannot determine the doctrine of Zhuangzi as that of Chu or Song. Those similar passages and descriptions between Lv＇s Spring and Au- tumn ,Xun Zi, Han Feizi ,Yu Cong of Guodian Bamboo Slips ,and Zhuangzi can imply that it is the existence of a broad and deep discourse resources that has formed Zhuangzi. The structure of the legendary fish Kun and Roc fable in Free and Unfettered may clearly show the clues of Zhuangzi in improving and innovating popular stories in the society of the Warring States.