中国经济新阶段的发展驱动转型与制度治理建设

The Transformation of the Driving Force for Development and the Construction of Institutional Governance at the New Stage of China's Economic Development

尽管现有的发展模式让中国经济在过去三十多年取得巨大成就,但它只是一种追赶式发展模式,展望未来,之前的成功模式对从要素驱动转向效率驱动乃至创新驱动的发展模式不可能延续。从理论、历史和统计三位一体进行学理性分析,中国经济超预期大幅下滑的深层次原因更多是制度层面上的问题,是市场化改革不够深入、政府与市场及社会治理边界不够合理、市场经济制度不够完善造成的。中国需要尽快从要素驱动转向效率驱动、创新驱动,其关键是进一步地解放思想,推进改革开放,让中国沿着经济自由化、市场化、民营化道路前进,让市场在资源配置中真正发挥决定性作用和让民营经济发挥主要作用。市场化改革千头万绪,民营经济主体化、金融市场自由化、土地要素市场化是三大重要切入口。与此同时,为了增强改革的执行力和发展的驱动力,还需要从法治、执行力和民主监督三个维度加强综合治理,推动政府善治,建设有限、有为政府。

Although the current development mode has led to remarkable achievements of the Chinese economy over the past thirty years, it is merely a kind of catching- up development mode, which will not be sustainable for the transition from element- driven to efficiency- driven and even innovation- driven development mode. Analyzing from the theoretical, historical and statistical perspectives, the unexpected sharp decline in China's economy has underlying institutional reasons of insufficient market- oriented reform, unreasonable governance boundaries among government, market and society, and unsound system of market economy. China needs to speed up the transition from element- driven to efficiency- driven and innovation- driven mode, the key to which is to further emancipate the mind, promote reform and opening up so as to step forward towards economic liberalization and denationalization, and to let market play a decisive role in resource allocation and the private economy play a major role. Despite the Complexity of market-oriented reform, helping the private economy become the main body,liberalizing the financial market and bringing the land element into market- oriented operation are three essential points of penetration. At the same time, in order to advance the implementation of reform and enhance the driving force for development, comprehensive governance should be strengthened through the rule of law, executive power and democratic supervision to promote good governance by a limited and effective government.