中国海水提铀研究进展

Progress in Extracting Uranium From Seawater of China

铀是重要的核资源之一,而海水提铀是最有前景的一项解决铀资源短缺的途径。本文系统总结了中国近年来在海水提铀研究领域的重要进展,通过对高分子材料、碳基材料、硅酸盐材料等不同类型吸铀材料自身特点与吸铀效果的比较,分析了基体材料与功能微区构型对吸铀性能的影响,阐述了各类吸铀材料的优劣。结合国内对海水提铀的理论研究进展和规模性海试试验的研究结果,明确了未来海水提铀用功能材料需兼具大比表面积、优异的选择吸附铀功能及可在开放流动环境下稳定存在的特征。

Uranium is one of the important nuclear resource.Extracting uranium from seawater is considered to be a promising way that can resolve the uranium resource shortage in the future.The recent progress of China in the uranium adsorption materials used in seawater has been summarized in this paper.It was concluded that the matrix structure and the micro function configuration played an important role in the uranium absorption performance through comparing different material types such as polymer materials,carbon materials,silicate material,etc.Combined with the theoretical calculation and domestic scale test in real seawater,it is proposed that the uranium adsorption materials have application value only with large specific surface area,excellent uranium selectively absorption ability and stable in the open flow seawater system.